Education

Education

Road Trip

It is a gray rainy day in Connecticut. By December standards it is warm but by any other standard it is cold and dreary. I rest on the couch. In a few hours, I will drive down to Virginia to pick up my two older daughters from college. Before that, I will go to the technology committee meeting at my local school. Our large orange Maine Coon Cat curls up next me, seemingly approving of my decision to nap during the day.

Road trips can be fun, seeing new things on a leisurely drive, but this trip will be done in the dark and won’t be particularly leisurely. The trip back is likely to be much more fun as my daughters and I catch up.

I expect my time online will be fairly sparse for the next couple of days, but I still hope to get a little content up each day.

With that, it seems like a good opportunity to post an email that I had sent to a mailing list of educators that use Second Life for education. One person had started compiling a list of blogs about Second Life, and another person suggested there must be a more Web 2.0-ish way of gathering the list, something like tags in delicious, a wiki, etc. I wrote my response, which was well received, and I’ve been meaning to add it to my blog for sometime. Since the content is sparse right now, and the email fits nicely with some discussions about the technology committee, here is my snarky response:

With a more technologically savvy group there might be a more 2.0-ish way. But even with that you would probably need lots of communication ahead of time to deterime which tag to use. Then, to reach out to people, would probably need to explain what del.icio.us is, how to sign up, how to tag your own blog, or other resources you find valuable.

Then the discussion would drift to how to use the feed from del.icio.us, how to add it as a blog roll on one's on blog, how to important into various blog reader software, like bloglines or Google Reader. A side discussion explaining what RSS is and how feed readers work would evolve. Someone would ask for a feed reader in Second Life and a minor religous war between BlogLines users and Google Reader users would ensue.

This would probably start a discussion about OPML, which would need further explanations and start off yet another minor religious war over protocols and open source. Someone would be bound to point out hacks to get del.icio.us feeds available as OPML. Others would point out that ma.gnolia.com already supports exporting OPML and uses OpenID and hence would be a much better solution than del.icio.us. Others would then complain about OpenID being too complicated and not widely adopted. Others would point out that Yahoo, Google, Microsoft and AIM among others are starting to support OpenID. OpenID purists would point out that Microsoft's OpenID is only in testing right now, and that Google is running weird modifications to OpenID that makes it not really true OpenID and probably unlikely to work with ma.gnolia

A side discussion would evolve about OpenID, Second Life and OpenSim. A hard core geek would point out a hack to make Second Life and/or OpenSim appear as an OpenID provider. Then there would be a discussion about services working as an OpenId provider and not an OpenID consumer. Someone would set up an Away message and the thread would get diverted once again.

Somewhere in the middle of this, someone would say that they've already built a pretty good list, and if people would just email their URLs they would add it to the list and be done with all of it. This would lead into a discussion about using email to accomplish a task versus using more 2.0-ish ways. A meta discussion would ensue....

RINSE, REPEAT

Enjoy! More when I get back.

School Technology Plans – The Virtual Fridge Door

Recently, I attended a committee meeting for our school district as it works on its new three-year technology plan. It was an interesting meeting, but very disillusioning. I’m an old geek who understands the importance of infrastructure and the difficulties involved in implementing and supporting a robust infrastructure, but the discussion about infrastructure seemed a bit much, and the question of how it affected the what and how of our children’s education seemed particularly lacking.

This was exacerbated when I asked my daughter about her use of technology at school. She explained that they only use computer briefly during ‘technology’ on Wednesday mornings. She said she only plays games to learn words and numbers, but don’t really learn anything else. There are other options for using the computers during free periods, but without sufficient Internet access, she’s just not interested.

Granted, my daughter may be an outlier. She has an email account, an IM account, accounts on various web based computer games and on Twitter. She noted that her teacher doesn’t even know what Twitter is.

I also realize that the permissions I give to my daughter is probably much more expansive than what many parents give their children. Yet it seems as if things are particularly lacking in terms of technology at the school.

The policies are excessively restrictive. They have policies for very limited Internet access for children in grades four through six, but as best as I can tell children in kindergarten through third grade do not have access to the Internet.

The filters to protect the students are also excessive, and I’ve heard stories of teachers encouraging their students to do their research at home instead of on the schools computers because the students have much better access at home.

Reading through the policies, I’m not surprised. There are some down right arcane guidelines. They seem not to understand the scope of Fair Use when it comes to copyright, or if they do understand it, it is not reflected in the guidelines. They prohibit access to websites about tattoos. I hope that no student ever tries to do a project on the Maori’s or other aboriginal people in the South Pacific where tattoos are an important part of their culture, or on wedding traditions in India or Arabic countries where the bride is prepared for weddings with henna tattoos. For that matter, my daughter couldn’t do a report on how her mother prepared for my daughter’s birth. We decorated her belly with henna tattoos.

Yet even all of this still doesn’t approach issues of curricula. There were some good discussions at the meeting. I brought up Digital Natives. Others brought up digital storytelling projects and the New York Times article about becoming screen literate.

Let me start off with a discussion of media literacy and move on from there. From a traditional viewpoint of education, perhaps we should be thinking about helping our children learn how to gather, analyze and present information.

Our children are gathering information from a great variety of sources. Some of it comes in the form of advertising on television. Some of it comes from what they read in emails, IMs and web pages they’ve searched. As the Obama campaigns advertising in computer games illustrate, they are also being bombarded with advertising in places where digital immigrants may not even think of looking.

Students need to learn early, how to find useful information online, just as they need to learn how to find books in the library. Yet it doesn’t sound like that is being taught. How do you find a good source? How do you search beyond Google and Wikipedia? How do you know if the website you are visiting is truthful or slanted?

Once the data is gathered, how do students understand the data in the context of other information they are receiving? How do they analyze it? Then, how do they present it in a compelling manner? To what extent are students learning to select fonts and colors that compliment their message? To what extent are they manipulating sounds, pictures and videos to further help get their message across?

During the meeting, people talked a little bit about the amount of time that people can waste trying to get the right font, or the right color, and teachers talked about the first question always being about how large a font can be.

This is where I will diverge even further from what seems to be the prevailing opinions of people on the committee. I think that these sorts of explorations are valuable. I think they are a basis for a more constructivist approach to education, and I believe there is great value to this.

When my elder daughters were young, I told them they could play any computer game that they could write. I didn’t hold them to this, but I did start them on programming at a very early age, and they gained a greater understanding and appreciation about what goes into a computer game. They discovered things about programming, and math, as they experimented.

We need to encourage not only the efficient gathering, analysis and presentation of information, but we need to help students learn how to discover things, how to be creative, how to come up with hypotheses. I believe that a constructivist approach to this is very useful, and I would love to see our students start programming in kindergarten.

As students flourish with their own creativity, we also need to give better outlets to this creativity. The school should have a portal where students’ work can be displayed to the public. As an example, I have put up a project that my daughter did last year in Kindergarten as a Virtual Fridge Door.

Here we run into some additional issues. One is a school policy surrounding children’s privacy. Like so many of the other policies, this one is excessively restrictive. While I recognize that some people may not want any information about their children to ever appear online, I am not one of them, and I would like it if the school posted my daughter’s schoolwork online. I would like it if pictures from school activities could easily be posted online. At the least there should be no difference in policies about pictures, schoolwork or other information being published in local papers, appearing on radio or television and appearing online. Other schools have dealt with this by providing a blanket release, and I would be glad to sign such a blanket release.

Yet even for parents that don’t want to sign a blanket release, there are plenty of other ways that the schoolwork better online. My wife and I get PTO notices via email. We send emails back and forth with our daughter’s teacher. It would be great if assignments and materials needed for the assignments could be sent via email, or even better, made accessible at a secure school web portal.

This would also provide another way that a student’s work could be shared. If it was on the school portal, it could be made available at various levels of access; only to the student and the student’s parents, to the school community as a whole, or to the public.

So, while the school appears to have a fairly solid computer infrastructure and there are a few examples of good use of this being made in the higher grades, it appears as if technology is not being used anywhere near as affectively as it could or should be.

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Dad, Can You Give Me the Phone? I Want to Take a Picture?

The other day, my seven-year-old daughter asked me, “Dad, can you give me the phone? I want to take a picture.” My only hesitation was whether the cellphone or the digital camera would be best for the pictures she wanted to take. In the end, I handed her the digital camera and she walked around the room taking pictures.

This afternoon, I will go to a meeting at our public school library to add my input into our district’s three-year technology plan. The State Board of Education provides a very useful template to help schools develop their three-year technology plans. I’d encourage everyone to find out about the technology plans in your district, and how you can get involved in helping shape them.

I mention my daughter’s question first because I believe it illustrates quite nicely Marc Prensky’s article Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants. Mr. Prensky’s article was published in October, 2001, the month my daughter was born. Not only does my daughter “represent the first generations to grow up with this new technology”, she is part of a generation where educators have been talking about the difference between digital natives and digital immigrants.

Yet not all educators are thinking about how significantly “the arrival and rapid dissemination of digital technology in the last decades of the 20th century” has changed our children. Many continue to lag behind even first graders when it comes to understanding digital technology.

Perhaps no one understands this better than Julie Amero and the people that have followed her case. Ms. Amero was a substitute teacher in Norwich, CT. Four years ago, her classroom computer started popping up pornography sites. She did not know how to handle it and some of the students saw the pictures. She was charged, and convicted of four felony counts of endangering minors. It became a nationwide cause celebre, as experts around the country weighed in and deplored the travesty of justice. If anything, the liability should be the school districts for not having properly installed anti-spyware software.

On Friday, with her health deteriorating, Ms. Amero agreed to a plea bargain where she would plead guilty to one misdemeanor of disorderly conduct, pay a $100 fine, and lose her teaching license. According to Rick Green’s column, “New London County State's Attorney Michael Regan …remained convinced Amero was guilty and was prepared to again go to trial.” I join with many people who question whether or not State Attorney Regan is fit for office, but that is a whole different issue.

School districts may be tempted to write defensive three-year technology plans to protect themselves, their students, teachers and administrators from fiascoes like the Amero case and I worry that the technology plans in Woodbridge may be too restrictive for numerous reasons.

Yet the template provided by the State Board of Education takes a positive approach to technology. It quotes the Connecticut State Board of Education Position Statement on Educational Technology and Information Literacy, 12/4/04, which says,

Literacy in the 21st century requires more than the ability to read, write and compute. The State Board of Education believes that every student must develop strong technological skills and continually use them in order to function adequately in our 21st century world. Connecticut schools must ensure that technology resources are integrated across the curriculum in PK-12 and become part of the fabric of instruction.

It goes on to quote the Connecticut Association of Public School Superintendents Technology Position Statement, 12/14/01, saying, “technology must be a vital link among the staff, students, parents and the expanded community”.

It seems as if that link, talked about a couple months after my daughter was born and after Mr. Pensky’s great article on digital natives was published, is not yet as vital as it should be in many school districts. Cases like the Amero case, if anything, may have weakened that link.

So, how do we re-establish technology as the “vital link among the staff, students, parents and the expanded community”? Perhaps we start by giving our seven-year-old daughters our cellphones, so they can take some pictures. Perhaps we go beyond that and help them set up their own radio shows online.

My daughter’s interviewing skills still need a lot of work, but if people want to talk about technology and how it could be used to meet the goals of Connecticut State Board of Education and the Connecticut Association of Public School Superintendents, they could call Fiona’s Radio Show Sunday’s at 6:30 PM.

If you have other ideas, join the discussion. Drop me an email. Add a comment here. Set up your own Internet based radio show. Let’s work together the strengthen the technology enabled links within our communities.

The Tale of Three Superintendents

As I write this, I believe my seven year old daughter is sitting in the superintendent’s office explaining to him what she has said online. Those of you who have followed my coverage of the Doninger case might expect me to be irate. In fact, I am ecstatic. Let me explain.

When Avery Doninger was a junior at Lewis Mills High School, she was secretary of the student council. She worked hard to help organize a battle of the bands at her school and at one student council meeting was told that due to scheduling issues, the Jamfest would need to be rescheduled or moved to a different location. She, and some fellow students reached out to the community to encourage parents to contact the school administration and urge them to reconsider.

The school administration did not take kindly to being contacted by parents and confronted Avery and the other students, telling them that unless certain conditions were met, conditions that Avery did not believe were possible, Jamfest would be cancelled.

That evening at home, she wrote in her personal diary something to the effect, “Thanks to the douchebags at the central office, Jamfest is cancelled.” She went on to describe how all the calls from parents had pissed off people at the central office and she encouraged more parents to call.

The problem is that her personal diary was on Livejournal, a website where many people write there personal thoughts so their friends can see them. Some weeks later, the son of the superintendent found the diary entry and pointed it out to her mother. Her mother responded by forbidding Avery to run for re-election as class secretary. Nonetheless, Avery won the election as a write-in candidate, which the school refused to recognize.

Avery has since graduated and is spending this year as a volunteer for AmeriCorps. However, a lawsuit lingers. Avery’s mother did not believe that the school should punish children for things that they do at home. That should be the purview of the parents. Mrs. Doninger spoke with the school about appropriate punishments for using language that some find objectionable. Yet the school administration was intransigent.

Mrs. Doninger then filed a suit against the school for violating her daughter’s freedom of speech. As is typical for cases like this, they move slowly. The school argued to have the case moved from the Connecticut courts to the Federal courts. The Doningers sought a preliminary injunction to allow Avery to take her duly elected position as class secretary, but the District court did not grant the injunction. This was appealed to the Second Circuit which did not override the judges decision.

Since then, the superintendent has retired. The principal has been reprimanded for emails that she has sent violating students’ privacy. Some of these emails have been released because of Freedom of Information requests and paint a picture of a vindictive school administration seeking vengeance as opposed to protecting the school from significant disruption. In fact, it appears that any significant disruption stems not from the blog post, nor even from the email the students sent, but from the initial decision of the school administration, yet again postponing or canceling the Jamfest.

Last week, I was back in District Court, where the defense was arguing for a summary dismissal of the case. The plaintiffs presented evidence that had not been available during the hearings for the preliminary injunction and argued that the dispute of facts of the case warrants a full jury trial. The defense argued that the facts in dispute were not material and that even if they were, the whole thing should be dismissed because of qualified immunity.

The qualified immunity argument seemed especially twisted. To show qualified immunity, you need to show that reasonable people would argue whether or not the principal’s actions were legitimate. Much of this hung on whether or not reasonable people might guess that at some point in the near future the courts might overturn previous decisions that the reach of schools to punish students for what they say stops at the school gate.

Now, a reasonable school administration would probably settle this out of court, unless the school administration really wants to assert its right to reach into students’ bedrooms. So far, such reasonableness seems to have eluded the Region 10 School District.

This takes me back to Dr. Stella, who is the superintendent for the Woodbridge School District. Like many school districts, the Woodbridge District is struggling to find how to use the Internet to enhance the education of its students. Last week, Dr. Stella attended the convention of the Connection Association of Boards of Education (CABE). At this conference he attended a session entitled, “New Ways of Communicating in an Electronic Age”. The presenter was the third superintendent that I wish to highlight.

David Title is superintendent of the Bloomfield Public Schools and he spoke about his blog. As far as I can tell, Dr. Title has not used the word “douchebag” to describe people that he disagrees with. Instead, he has set an example of how superintendents can use the Internet to get the message out about what is going on at the school.

I can only imagine what would have happened if Avery attended the Bloomfield Public Schools. I imagine him telling Avery that he understands that her post was on a private diary at home and published on the Internet, which gives space for more emotional outbursts, but that he feels she should work on communicating her views in a more positive and articulate manner. Perhaps he would even have asked her to write a guest post, on his blog, about how students could better deal with their frustrations and be heard by the school administration and the public. That would have been a true example of using blogs to communicate and educate. Yet, unfortunately, Avery was not in the Bloomfield Public School system.

I, on the other hand, am fortunate. I went to the Board of Education meeting last night where the CABE conference and Superintendent Title’s presentation was discussed. After the meeting, I had an opportunity to talk with Dr. Stella about the issues of making sure that the Internet is used as effectively as possible to further students’ education while at the same time, not putting students at undue risk.

I mentioned Fiona’s Radio Show which she does every Sunday evening at 6:30. Fiona and I talk about the events of the week. It provides a great opportunity for some quality father-daughter time, and is building an archive of recordings that Fiona will be able to go back years hence, to find out what her life was like when she was seven. I suggested that perhaps some Sunday, Dr. Stella could call into Fiona’s radio show.

Dr. Stella was intrigued. He suggested that Fiona should find a time to come down to his office and tell him about her radio show. That is why my daughter has gone to the superintendent’s office this afternoon and why I am pleased about it. Dr. Stella and Dr. Title are examples of superintendents working hard to use new communication tools to improve their schools. I’m sorry that Avery didn’t have a superintendent like that to deal with, but I hope that this story, and others like it will be an encouragement to superintendents across Connecticut to move into a Twenty First Century that teaches and encourages intelligent use of new communications media.

The Woodbridge Strategic School Profile

Every year, the Connecticut State Department of Education issues Strategic School Profiles, which get discussed at the Board of Education meetings for the schools across the state at their November meetings. Last night, the Woodbridge Board of Education discussed the Strategic School Profile for Beacher Road. Unfortunately, the new strategic school profiles are not yet available online either at the State Website or at the Woodbridge Board of Education Website.

For a data hound, it was a great meeting. There was all kinds of little tidbits. 3.1% of the students are classified as talented and gifted. 8.8% are listed as participating in special education. 17.4% are from minorities, with Asian American students making up the largest group. Board members asked questions about trends and further details to determine if the policies and budgets of the school were having the desired effect. Some of this became fairly detailed and the superintendent, Dr. Stella, spoke about the need to prioritize which areas of additional research the board would like his staff to pursue.

As I listened to this, my mind wandered back to the workshop on Watchdog Reporting that I attended on the previous weekend. All of this information is available online and any board member, blogger, member of the press or citizen of the town can easily go out and to their own research.

Some of the data is in PDF files which are harder to extract data from. Some of the data is in a database that can be queried from a web page. There is also a summary of much of the data available as a spreadsheet. An enterprising researcher would contact people from the State Department of Education to see how much of the data could be obtained in a raw format that could be loaded into spreadsheets and databases.

One statistic that people expressed concern over was the percentage of students passing all four fitness tests. In 2005/6, 41.1% of fourth graders completed all four fitness tests. The number was unchanged for 2006/7. I don’t have the numbers for 2007/8 but I seem to recall them as being about the same. Yet for schools in the state, it was only 33.6% in 2005/6 and 33.5% for 2006/7. It may be that there is something wrong with the tests. For sixth graders, the numbers were different in 2005/6 36.6% passed all four tests, but in 2006/7 climbed to 62.6%

As the economy falters, people will be looking even more closely at the money spent on our schools and how effective the money is being used. In addition, there may be more demands on the school as more students need free or reduced price lunches and more students need after school care through programs like extended day as more parents need to work to make ends meet.

While the school appears to do a good job of analyzing the data to make sure that our students needs are met as fully and cost-effectively as possible, having school board members and members of the public go out and analyze the data is useful to help find other ways that our schools can be improved.

This leads to another part of the report. In Woodbridge there is one computer per 2.9 students. This is slightly better than the one computer per 3.6 students which is the state average. However, as of the 2006/7 report, only 67.3% of these computers were high or moderate power, compared to 89.5% on a statewide basis. The school continues to refresh its computers, and I suspect the number is much better now, but it is an area that needs vigilance. Beyond that, we need to make sure that besides having good computers, we have teachers that can help the students make the best use of these computers and, ideally, that this learning gets brought into the parents homes so parents can make better use of the Internet as well, like being able to research strategic school profiles.

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